Assignment Materials for M sheme- Life and Employablity Skill Practical

Note: Each student should totally write 5 assignments. Select any four assigntments from the topics 1 to 10 and and select any one assignment from topics 11 to 15. Each assignment should be written only in Record Note and minimum for four pages.

Click here to view or download assignment materials:

TOPIC - 1 Productivity in Industries – Comparison withDeveloped Countries

TOPIC - 2  QualityTools, Quality Circles and Quality Consciousness

TOPIC - 3  Effective Management

TOPIC - 4  Housekeeping in Industries

TOPIC - 5  Occupational Safety and Hazard

TOPIC - 6  Occupational Accident and First Aid

TOPIC - 7  Labour Welfare Legislations

TOPIC - 9  Entrepreneurship

TOPIC - 12  The Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention and Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013

TOPIC - 14  The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR)

Communication Skill Practical - Experiment 13 - Non Verbal Communication

1.    What is the definition of nonverbal communication?

Non-verbal communication can be defined as communication by using symbols, gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, etc. primarily not using any language or speech.  Example: traffic signal, skull image pasted on electrical board, bell sound

2.    What does good eye contact mean?

Eye contact refers to a situation in which two people look at each other’s eyes and talk. It is an important part of effective communication because a person with eye contact expresses his confidence and assertive skill and the one without eye contact is likely to be suspected to be lying.

3.    Why is body language important?

The things we don’t say are communicated by us without our knowledge by means of facial expressions, postures and the way we move our body. This is called body language. Researches show that body language accounts for 60 to 65% of all communication. It is very important to remove the obstacles between two people speaking different languages and to understand the mind-reading, especially in interviews.

4.    What are the Types of Nonverbal Communication?

There are eight types of non-verbal communication: 1. Gestures (e.g. thumps up), 2.Proxemics – amount of space between two shows the closeness in their relationships and the interest they keep, 3. Postures (showing your attitude), 4. Eye contact, 5. Touch: patting shows friendship, hug shows love and firm handshake implies strong personality, 6. Paralanguage: loudness or tone of your voice, 7. Facial expressions (e.g., frown or smile) 8. Visual communication (symbols, signs, images, etc.)

5.   What is the difference between verbal and non-verbal communication?

Verbal communication involves use of language but non-verbal communication uses no language and speech.  Secondly verbal communication requires people who should know same languages but non-verbal communication can be understood by people speaking any language.  Unlike verbal communication, non-verbal communication saves time, looks simple and attractive and removes communication barriers.

6.    State some negative body language characteristics.

Slumped posture expresses your lack of confidence and boredom. Averted eye-contact indicates: you are uncomfortable or lying.  Crossed arms mean disagreement. Forced smile reveals lack of interest or hatred. Overuse of hands say: you are excited or nervous. Looking at watch means: you are impatient and in a hurry to attend another work. “Frowning” speaks of how angry you are.

7.    What is the importance of non-verbal communication?

When we don’t want to speak certain things that may hurt others, we have to use non-verbal communication, e.g. looking at watch and asking others indirectly to wind up his speech.  When we don’t have less chance to keep verbal communication in interview, we move to the mode of non-verbal communication to show our self-confidence and our personality, e.g. firm handshake and eye contact. When we don’t know the language of the listener, the only choice is non-verbal communication.

8.    What is personal distance?

The way we keep distance from others refers to our personal distance. If it is less, it means that we are close to that person. If it is more, it indicates that we are not interested in the person, or still a trust is not built between the two. When we are busy with some other work, usually the personal space is more.  Personal space also shows whether the communication is private or public.

9.    What makes an effective listener?

Keeping eye-contact, thoughtless attention and unbiased sincere interest to know what others want to say makes one an effective listener.  We cannot be effective listeners if we have the mentality that what we say is more important than what others say.  If the way the speaker presents the matter is not interesting, it will lead to boredom and then effective listening is not possible.

10.  How can I improve my verbal and nonverbal communication skills?

Verbal communication can be improved by speaking practice with others whereas non-verbal communication can be improved by changing the way we use our body postures, facial expressions, tone, gestures, etc. But most of the non-verbal communication arises from our character, mindset and personality and therefore without changing our nature and attitude, trying to show good gestures and postures will lead to pretention and the display of our false self.

Experiments 1 to 13 - Record Note Materials for Communication Skill Practical

 Click here to view record note materials for all experiments in Communication Skill Practical (N Scheme)

Communication Skill Practical - Experiment 12 - Completing an Incomplete Story

 

Communication Skill Practical - Experiment 11- Thought Fillers

 

Listening and Answering the Questions - Life and Employability Skill Practical - Experiment 2

 

Experiment 2

Date:

Listen to the passage and answer the following questions:

Pollution

Pollution is the process of making land, water, air or other parts of the environment dirty and unsafe or unsuitable to use.

Land can become polluted by household garbage and by industrial waste. In 2010, Americans produced about 250 million tons (226.8 million kilograms) of garbage, consisting of product packaging, furniture, clothing, bottles, food scraps, newspapers, appliances, paint and batteries. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), it is about 4.3 pounds (1.95 kg) of waste per person per day.  According to the Green Schools Alliance, Americans generate 30 billion foam cups, 220 million tires, and 1.8 billion disposable diapers every year.  

Water pollution happens when chemicals or dangerous foreign substances are introduced to water, including chemicals, sewage, pesticides and fertilizers from agricultural runoff, or metals like lead or mercury. The EPA also states that the most common contaminants in the United States are bacteria, mercury, phosphorus and nitrogen.  Warming water can also be harmful. The artificial warming of water is called thermal pollution. When a factory or power plant is using water to cool its operations, it ends up with discharging hot water. This makes the water hold less oxygen and can kill fish and wildlife.  

The air we breathe has a very exact chemical composition; 99 percent of it is made up of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and inert gases. Air pollution occurs when harmful gases are added to the air through smoke from vehicles and factories. A common type of air pollution happens when people release particles into the air by burning fuels. Another common type of air pollution is dangerous gases, such as sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and chemical vapors. According to the WHO, ambient air pollution contributes to 6.7 percent of all deaths worldwide. Air pollution kills more than 2 million people each year. In 1984, the release of harmful gas at Union Carbide plant in Bhopal killed over 2,000 people, and over 200,000 suffered respiratory problems.

 Questions and Answers:

1.      How much of waste is produced by an American a day?

4.3 pounds (1.95 kg) of waste is produced by an American a day

2.      What is thermal pollution?

The artificial warming of water is called thermal pollution. When a factory or power plant is using water to cool its operations, it ends up with discharging hot water.

3.      Which country people have suffered a lot in 1984 due to air pollution?

In Bhopal country people have suffered a lot in 1984 due to air pollution

4.      Name any two of the most common contaminants in water found in America?

Mercury and Nitrogen are two of the most common contaminants in water found in America.

5.      What does EPA stand for?

EPA stands for Environmental Protection Agency

Animation video on pollution:

Top 10 Polluted Countries in the world in 2021:

Top 10 cleanest Cities in the world in 2021:

Listening and Taking Notes - Life and Employability Skill Practical: Experiment 1

Experiment 1

Date:

Listen to the following passage and take down notes:

Global warming is the increase in Earth’s temperature due to the greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels. Between 1906 and 2005, it increased 0.6 to 0.9 degrees Celsius and it doubled in the last 50 years.

The cause of global warming is the increasing quantity of greenhouse gases such as carbon-di-oxide, methane and nitrous oxide in our atmosphere.   In addition to burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, smoke from vehicles and factories cause global warming. Since the Industrial Revolution began in about 1750, carbon dioxide level has increased nearly 38 % in 2009 and methane level 148 %.

Greenhouse gases are not actually harmful to earth. They trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere to keep the planet warm enough to sustain life; this process is called the greenhouse effect.  Without this, the Earth would be too cold for humans, plants and other creatures to live. However, higher levels of these gases trap more heat and the temperature of earth increases more and more. This is what we say as global warming.

The impact of global warming is far greater than just increasing temperatures. Current research is showing that the water cycle is changing and rainfall patterns are shifting to make the already dry areas even drier. Global warming is thus causing water shortages and an intense amount of distress to the over 2.5 million people in dry regions. These regions are degrading into desert. This process is called desertification. Perennial ice cover in the Arctic is melting at the rate of 11.5% per decade.  The thickness of the Arctic ice has decreased by 48% since the 1960s. Since 2010, the Antarctic ice melt rate has doubled. The Earth's sea level has risen by 21 cm since 1880. Power Dissipation Index (PDI) which measures the destructive power of tropical cyclones has increased in the Pacific by 35% and in the Atlantic it has nearly doubled. Research has found that the Earth’s temperature could rise between 2ºC and 6ºC by the end of the 21^st century.

Answer: 

Notes on Global Warming

Global warming - increase in Earth’s temperature - burning fossil fuels- 1906 and 2005-0.6 to 0.9ºC- doubled in 50 years – cause: increasing greenhouse gases –CO²,CH4 and N2O - burning of fossil fuels- deforestation- smoke from vehicles - Industrial Revolution 1750 - CO² increase 38 % in 2009 - CH4 148 % - Greenhouse gases not harmful to earth- trapping heat to sustain life- the greenhouse effect- too cold for humans, plants and other creatures - higher levels - more heat - global warming -The impact GW: - water cycle changing- rainfall patterns shifting - dry areas even drier -water shortages - distress to 2.5 m people - degrading into desert- desertification-Perennial ice cover - Arctic - 11.5% per decade- thickness of ice decreased by 48% 1960s- Since 2010 Antarctic ice melt doubled- Earth's sea level rise -21 cm since 1880-Power Dissipation Index (PDI) --increase in Pacific  35% - in Atlantic doubled-Research : Earth’s temp. rise between 2ºC and 6ºC - end of  21^st c.

Watch Global Warming Animation Video:

Global Warming - Tamil Song: