Target Audience: Polytechnic Teachers and Students in Tamilnadu and general learners of English.
Subject: English-1, II YEAR MOP, M SCHEME
Objective: Students should be able to pronounce English words with right stress pattern.
Question Pattern in Exam: Mark the stress of the words. (3 marks)
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The unit of language which is made up of one or more speech sounds (phonemes) is called a syllable. It is next to phoneme in hierarchy. A word is made of one or more syllables.
The word "teacher" - has two syllables.
The word - "teacher" has two syllables tea- cher.
The word - "remember" has three syllables, re- mem- ber.
The word - "decoration" has four syllables, de- co- ra- tion.
The word - "determination" has five syllables, de- ter- mi- na- tion.
All the syllables in the word are not pronounced in the same way. One of the syllables in the word is pronounced with greater breath force that is called stress or accent. A syllable that is stressed will be more prominent (audible) than the other syllables.
Before knowing the rules, first pronounce the following words which receive stress on the first syllable:
Inflextional suffixes
Inflextional suffixes do not change the stres pattern.
(A group of letters attached at the end of a word is called a suffix. Inflextional suffixes are "-ed", "es"and "-ing". Words with or without such suffixes have the same stress pattern in both forms.
1. recom'mend recom'mended /rek.əˈmend/
2. re'late re'lated /rɪˈleɪt/
4. com'pose com'poses /kəmˈpəʊz/
5. dis'ease dis'eases /dɪˈziːz/
6. fo'cus fo'cuses /ˈfəʊ.kəs/
7.ad'vance ad'vancing /ədˈvɑːns/
8. com'mit com'mitting /kəˈmɪt/
9. 'happen 'happening /ˈhæp.ən/
10. 'reason 'reasoning /ˈriː.zən/
1. a'bility /əˈbɪl.ə.ti/
Words ending in -ic, -ical, -ically, -ious, -ial and -ially are stressed on the syllable that is just before the suffix.
1. apolo'getic /əˌpɒl.əˈdʒet.ɪk/
2. sympa'thetic /sɪm.pəˈθet.ɪk/
3. ter'rific /təˈrɪf.ɪk/
4. bio'logical /baɪ.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/
5. e'lectrical /iˈlek.trɪ.kəl/
6. psychol'ogical /saɪ.kəlˈɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/
7. a'trocious /əˈtrəʊ.ʃəs/
8. cere'monious /ser.ɪˈməʊ.ni.əs/
9. no'torious /nəʊˈtɔː.ri.əs/
10.com'mercial /kəˈmɜː.ʃəl/
11. confi'dential /kɒn.fɪˈden.ʃəl/
12. cate'gorically /kæt.əˈɡɒr.kəl.i/
13. dra'matically /drəˈmæt.ɪ.kəl.i/
1. 'carry, 'carriage /ˈkær.i/ /ˈkær.ɪdʒ/
2. 'cover, 'coverage /ˈkʌv.ər/ /ˈkʌv.ər.ɪdʒ/
3. 'marry, 'marriage /ˈmær.i/ /ˈmær.ɪdʒ/
4. ap'pear, ap'pearance /əˈpɪər/ /əˈpɪə.rəns/
5. at'tend, at'tendance /əˈtend/ /əˈten.dəns/
6. per'form, per'formance /pəˈfɔːm/ /pəˈfɔː.məns/
7. 'bright, 'brighten /'braɪt/ /ˈbraɪ.tən/
8. 'light, 'lighten /'laɪt/ /ˈlaɪ.tən/
9. be'gin, be'ginner /bɪˈɡɪn/ /bɪˈɡɪn.ər/
10. 'common, 'commoner /ˈkɒm.ən/ /ˈkɒm.ən.ər/
11. per'form, per'former /pəˈfɔːm/ /pəˈfɔː.mər/
12. 'actor, 'actress /ˈæk.tər/ /ˈæk.trəs/
13. 'tiger, 'tigress /ˈtaɪ.ɡər/ /ˈtaɪ.ɡrəs/
14. 'beauty, 'beautiful /ˈbjuː.ti/ /ˈbjuː.tɪ.fəl/
15. 'colour, 'colourful /ˈkʌl.ər/ /ˈkʌl.ə.fəl/
16. re'venge, re'vengeful /rɪˈvendʒ/ /rɪˈvendʒ.fəl/
17. 'brother, 'brotherhood /ˈbrʌð.ər/ /ˈbrʌð.ə.hʊd/
18. 'priest, 'priesthood /priːst/ /ˈpriːst.hʊd/
19. 'sister, 'sisterhood /ˈsɪs.tər/ /ˈsɪs.tə.hʊd/
20. 'coward, 'cowardice /ˈkaʊ.əd/ /ˈkɑʊ·ər·dɪs/
21. 'fever, 'feverish /ˈfiː.vər/ /ˈfiː.vər.ɪʃ/
22. 'yellow, 'yellowish /ˈjel.əʊ/ /ˈjel.əʊ.ɪʃ/
23. at'tend, at'tentive /əˈtend/ /əˈten.tɪv/
24. con'clude, con'clusive /kənˈkluːd/ /kənˈkluː.sɪv/
25. per'mit, per'missive /pəˈmɪt/ /pəˈmɪs.ɪv/
26. 'colour, 'colourless /ˈkʌl.ər/ /ˈkʌl.ə.ləs/
27. 'manner, 'mannerless /ˈmæn.ər/ /ˈmæn.ər.ləs/
28. 'odour, 'odourless /ˈəʊ.dər/ /ˈəʊ.də.ləs/
29. 'certain, 'certainly /ˈsɜː.tən/ /ˈsɜː.tən.li/
30. 'purpose, 'purposely /ˈpɜː.pəs/ /ˈpɜː.pəs.li/
31. 'manage, 'management /ˈmæn.ɪdʒ/ /ˈmæn.ɪdʒ.mənt/
32. a'chieve, a'chievement /əˈtʃiːv/ /əˈtʃiːv.mənt/
33. in'volve, in'volvement /ɪnˈvɒlv/ /ɪnˈvɒlv.mənt/
34. 'bitter, 'bitterness /ˈbɪt.ər/ /ˈbɪt.ə.nəs/
35. 'useless, 'uselessness /ˈjuːs.ləs/ /ˈjuːs.ləs.nəs/
36. col'lect, col'lector /kəˈlekt/ /kəˈlek.tər/
37. 'conduct, con'ductor /ˈkɒn.dʌkt/ /kənˈdʌk.tər/
38. 'author, 'authorship /ˈɔː.θər/ /ˈɔː.θə.ʃɪp/
39. 'scholar, 'scholarship /ˈskɒl.ər/ /ˈskɒl.ə.ʃɪp/
40. 'laugh, 'laughter /'lɑːf/ /ˈlɑːf.tər/
41. 'city, 'citizen /ˈsɪt.i/ /ˈsɪt.ɪ.zən/
42. 'Atmosphere /ˈæt.mə.sfɪər/
43. 'Colleague /ˈkɒl.iːɡ/
44. de'cision /dɪˈsɪʒ.ən/
45. de'velopment /dɪˈvel.əp.mənt/
46. e'mergency /ɪˈmɜː.dʒən.si/
47. engi'neer /en.dʒɪˈnɪər/
48. fa'cility /fəˈsɪl.ə.ti/
49. ho'tel /həʊˈtel/
50. ne'cessity /nəˈses.ə.ti/
51. oppor'tunity /ɒp.əˈtʃuː.nə.ti/
52. con'tribute /kənˈtrɪb.juːt/
53. eco'nomic /iː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk/
54. e'dition /ɪˈdɪʃ.ən/
55. inde'pendence /ɪn.dɪˈpen.dəns/
56. com'petitors /kəmˈpet.ɪ.tər/
57. po'litical /pəˈlɪt.ɪ.kəl/
58. di'scuss /dɪˈskʌs/
59. re'fer /rɪˈfɜːr/
60. spe'cific /spəˈsɪf.ɪk/
61. fa'miliar /fəˈmɪl.i.ər/
62. sig'nificant /sɪɡˈnɪf.ɪ.kənt/
63. re'petitive /rɪˈpet.ə.tɪv/
64. 'conduct (n) con'duct (v) /ˈkɒn.dʌkt/ /kənˈdʌkt/
65. 'import (adj) im'port (v) /ˈɪm.pɔːt/ /ɪmˈpɔːt/
66. 'convict (n), con'vict (v) /ˈkɒn.vɪkt/ /kənˈvɪkt/
67. 'subject (n), sub'ject (v) /ˈsʌb.dʒekt/ /səbˈdʒekt/
68. 'transfer (n), trans'fer (v) /ˈtræns.fɜːr/ /trænsˈfɜːr/
69. 'protest (n), pro'test (v) /ˈprəʊ.test/ /prəˈtest/
70. 'frequent (adj), fre'quent (v) /ˈfriː.kwənt/ /frɪˈkwent/
71. 'Photo, pho'tography, photo'graphic /ˈfəʊ.təʊ/ /fəˈtɒɡ.rə.fi/ /fəʊ.təˈɡræf.ɪk/
72. 'photograph, pho'tographer, photo'graphical /ˈfəʊ.tə.ɡrɑːf/ /fəˈtɒɡ.rə.fər/
/fəʊ.təˈɡræf.ɪ.kəl/
73. 'democrat, de'mocracy, demo'cratic /ˈdem.ə.kræt/ /dɪˈmɒk.rə.si/ /dem.əˈkræt.ɪk/
74. 'diplomat, dip'lomacy, diplo'matic /ˈdɪp.lə.mæt/ /dɪˈpləʊ.mə.si/ /dɪp.ləˈmæt.ɪk/
75. 'family, fa'miliar, famili'arity /ˈfæm.əl.i/ /fəˈmɪl.i.ər/ /fəˌmɪl.iˈær.ə.ti/
76. 'mechanism, me'chanical /ˈmek.ə.nɪ.zəm/ /məˈkæn.ɪ.kəl/
77. mecha'nician, mechani'zation /mɛkəˈnɪʃən/ /mekənaɪˈzeɪʃən/
78. ex'amine, exami'nee, exami'nation /ɪɡˈzæm.ɪn/ /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈniː/
/ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
78. 'telephone, te'lephony, tele'phonic /ˈtel.ɪ.fəʊn/ /təˈlef.ə.ni/ /teləˈfɒnɪk/
80. 'telegraph, te'legraphy, tele'graphic /ˈtel.ɪ.ɡrɑːf/ təˈleɡrəfi/ /telɪˈɡræfɪk/
81. 'allopath, al'lopathy, allo'pathic /'ələʊ.pæθ/əˈlɒp.ə.θi/ /æl.əˈpæθ.ɪk/
82. 'homeopath, home'opathy, homeo'pathic /ˈhəʊ.mi.ə.pæθ/ /həʊ.miˈɒp.ə.θi/
83. 'politics, po'litical, poli'tician /ˈpɒl.ə.tɪks/ /pəˈlɪt.ɪ.kəl/ /pɒl.ɪˈtɪʃ.ən/
84. 'com'pete, compe'tition /kəmˈpiːt/ /kɒm.pəˈtɪʃ.ən/
85. a'cademy, aca'demic, acade'mician /əˈkæd.ə.mi/ /æk.əˈdem.ɪk/
/əˌkæd.əˈmɪʃ.ən/
86. 'grammar, gram'matical, gram'matically /ˈɡræm.ər/ /ɡrəˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/
/ɡrəˈmæt.ɪ.kəl.i/
NOTE: Students are expected to mark the stress on the right syllable
only in the word, not in phonetic transcription though the latter is the
right method. Only the primary stress is to be marked, not the secondary stress.
Excercises for you
Mark the stress of the following words.
1. Captain
2. Indeed
3. transfer (n), transfer (v)
4. engineer
5. electrical
6. admit
7. preparation
8. disease
9. opportunity
10. grammatical
Subject: English-1, II YEAR MOP, M SCHEME
Objective: Students should be able to pronounce English words with right stress pattern.
Question Pattern in Exam: Mark the stress of the words. (3 marks)
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What is a stress?
Since stress is made on a syllable, let's first know "what is a syllable?".
The unit of language which is made up of one or more speech sounds (phonemes) is called a syllable. It is next to phoneme in hierarchy. A word is made of one or more syllables.
For example,
The word "man" - has one syllable.
The word "teacher" - has two syllables.
The word - "teacher" has two syllables tea- cher.
The word - "remember" has three syllables, re- mem- ber.
The word - "decoration" has four syllables, de- co- ra- tion.
The word - "determination" has five syllables, de- ter- mi- na- tion.
All the syllables in the word are not pronounced in the same way. One of the syllables in the word is pronounced with greater breath force that is called stress or accent. A syllable that is stressed will be more prominent (audible) than the other syllables.
Which syllable should be stressed?
Though there are certain stress rules, they are not final and complete ones. The best way to learn word stress is to refer to a standard dictionary for each doubtful word.
For example, the words bookshelf and herself have two syllables each. But the stress on the first syllable in 'bookshelf, but on the second syllable in her 'self.
How to mark the stress in writing?
A small vertical bar ( ' ) is placed above and in front of the syllable that is stressed. For example, in the word "myself", the stress is on the second syllable. So stress should be marked as my 'self.
Before knowing the rules, first pronounce the following words which receive stress on the first syllable:
(A phonetic transcription of the word is given nearby for helping your right pronunciation. The dot indicates syllable division and the small vertical bar points out the stress)
1. 'Always /ˈɔːl.weɪz/
2. 'Almost /ˈɔːl.məʊst/
3. 'Actual /ˈæk.tʃu.əl/
4. 'Battle /ˈbæt.əl/
5. 'Better /ˈbet.ər/
6. 'Button /ˈbʌt.ən/
7. 'Captain /ˈkæp.tɪn/
8. 'Common /ˈkɒm.ən/
9. 'Country /ˈkʌn.tri/
10. 'Different /ˈdɪf.ər.ənt/
11. 'Dozen /ˈdʌz.ən/
12. 'Early /ˈɜː.li/
13. 'Honest /ˈɒn.ɪst/
14. 'Water /ˈwɔː.tər/
15. 'Theatre /ˈθɪə.tər/
Now pronounce the following words which receive stress on the second syllable:
1. Ac 'count /əˈkaʊnt/
2. A 'cross /əˈkrɒs/
3. Con 'cern /kənˈsɜːn/
4. De 'light /dɪˈlaɪt/
5. Com 'plain /kəmˈpleɪn/
6. Dis 'cuss /dɪˈskʌs/
7. E 'ffect /ɪˈfekt/
8. E 'lect /iˈlekt/
9. Em 'ploy /ɪmˈplɔɪ/
10. Ex'plain /ɪkˈspleɪn/
11. For'give /fɚˈɡɪv/
12. In 'deed /ɪnˈdiːd/
13. Im 'prove /ɪmˈpruːv/
14. Ob 'serve /əbˈzɜːv/
15. With'out /wɪˈðaʊt/
The rules for word stress:Rule 1:
Words with weak prefixes are stressed on the root (that is, on the second syllable)
Some common weak prefixes are a, be, com, de, re, ad
1. A 'rise /əˈraɪz/
2. A'lone /əˈləʊn/
3. A 'loud /əˈlaʊd/
4. Be 'come /bɪˈkʌm/
5. Be 'low /bɪˈləʊ/
6. Be 'fall /bɪˈfɑːl/
7. Be 'tween /bɪˈtwiːn/
8. Com 'pose /kəmˈpəʊz/
9. Re 'duce /rɪˈdʒuːs/
10. De 'velop /dɪˈvel.əp/
11. Ad 'mit /ədˈmɪt/
Rule 2:
A word that functions as a noun or an adjective receives stress on the first syllable. But the same word receives stress on the second syllable when it is used as a verb.
Noun/Adjective Verb
1. 'absent /ˈæb.sənt/ - ab 'sent /æbˈsent/
3. 'subject /ˈsʌb.dʒekt/ - suj'ject /səbˈdʒekt/
Rule 3:
Words ending with "-tion" receive stress on the penultimate syllable. (penultimate means second from the end)
1. admi 'ration /æd.mɪˈreɪ.ʃən/
2. appli 'cation /æp.lɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
3. exami 'nation /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
4. prepa 'ration /prep.ərˈeɪ.ʃən/
5. determi 'nation /dɪˌtɜː.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
6. deco 'ration /dek.əˈreɪ.ʃən/
7. 'nation /ˈneɪ.ʃən/
8. 'station /ˈsteɪ.ʃən/
Rule 4:
3. sub'mit sub'mitted /səbˈmɪt/
Rule 5:
Words ending in "-ity" are stressed on the ante-penultimate syllable.( that is, third syllable from the end)1. a'bility /əˈbɪl.ə.ti/
Rule 6:
Words ending in -ic, -ical, -ically, -ious, -ial and -ially are stressed on the syllable that is just before the suffix.
1. apolo'getic /əˌpɒl.əˈdʒet.ɪk/
2. sympa'thetic /sɪm.pəˈθet.ɪk/
3. ter'rific /təˈrɪf.ɪk/
4. bio'logical /baɪ.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/
5. e'lectrical /iˈlek.trɪ.kəl/
6. psychol'ogical /saɪ.kəlˈɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/
7. a'trocious /əˈtrəʊ.ʃəs/
8. cere'monious /ser.ɪˈməʊ.ni.əs/
9. no'torious /nəʊˈtɔː.ri.əs/
10.com'mercial /kəˈmɜː.ʃəl/
11. confi'dential /kɒn.fɪˈden.ʃəl/
12. cate'gorically /kæt.əˈɡɒr.kəl.i/
13. dra'matically /drəˈmæt.ɪ.kəl.i/
List of other words given in the prescribed text book marked with stress:
1. 'carry, 'carriage /ˈkær.i/ /ˈkær.ɪdʒ/
2. 'cover, 'coverage /ˈkʌv.ər/ /ˈkʌv.ər.ɪdʒ/
3. 'marry, 'marriage /ˈmær.i/ /ˈmær.ɪdʒ/
4. ap'pear, ap'pearance /əˈpɪər/ /əˈpɪə.rəns/
5. at'tend, at'tendance /əˈtend/ /əˈten.dəns/
6. per'form, per'formance /pəˈfɔːm/ /pəˈfɔː.məns/
7. 'bright, 'brighten /'braɪt/ /ˈbraɪ.tən/
8. 'light, 'lighten /'laɪt/ /ˈlaɪ.tən/
9. be'gin, be'ginner /bɪˈɡɪn/ /bɪˈɡɪn.ər/
10. 'common, 'commoner /ˈkɒm.ən/ /ˈkɒm.ən.ər/
11. per'form, per'former /pəˈfɔːm/ /pəˈfɔː.mər/
12. 'actor, 'actress /ˈæk.tər/ /ˈæk.trəs/
13. 'tiger, 'tigress /ˈtaɪ.ɡər/ /ˈtaɪ.ɡrəs/
14. 'beauty, 'beautiful /ˈbjuː.ti/ /ˈbjuː.tɪ.fəl/
15. 'colour, 'colourful /ˈkʌl.ər/ /ˈkʌl.ə.fəl/
16. re'venge, re'vengeful /rɪˈvendʒ/ /rɪˈvendʒ.fəl/
17. 'brother, 'brotherhood /ˈbrʌð.ər/ /ˈbrʌð.ə.hʊd/
18. 'priest, 'priesthood /priːst/ /ˈpriːst.hʊd/
19. 'sister, 'sisterhood /ˈsɪs.tər/ /ˈsɪs.tə.hʊd/
20. 'coward, 'cowardice /ˈkaʊ.əd/ /ˈkɑʊ·ər·dɪs/
21. 'fever, 'feverish /ˈfiː.vər/ /ˈfiː.vər.ɪʃ/
22. 'yellow, 'yellowish /ˈjel.əʊ/ /ˈjel.əʊ.ɪʃ/
23. at'tend, at'tentive /əˈtend/ /əˈten.tɪv/
24. con'clude, con'clusive /kənˈkluːd/ /kənˈkluː.sɪv/
25. per'mit, per'missive /pəˈmɪt/ /pəˈmɪs.ɪv/
26. 'colour, 'colourless /ˈkʌl.ər/ /ˈkʌl.ə.ləs/
27. 'manner, 'mannerless /ˈmæn.ər/ /ˈmæn.ər.ləs/
28. 'odour, 'odourless /ˈəʊ.dər/ /ˈəʊ.də.ləs/
29. 'certain, 'certainly /ˈsɜː.tən/ /ˈsɜː.tən.li/
30. 'purpose, 'purposely /ˈpɜː.pəs/ /ˈpɜː.pəs.li/
31. 'manage, 'management /ˈmæn.ɪdʒ/ /ˈmæn.ɪdʒ.mənt/
32. a'chieve, a'chievement /əˈtʃiːv/ /əˈtʃiːv.mənt/
33. in'volve, in'volvement /ɪnˈvɒlv/ /ɪnˈvɒlv.mənt/
34. 'bitter, 'bitterness /ˈbɪt.ər/ /ˈbɪt.ə.nəs/
35. 'useless, 'uselessness /ˈjuːs.ləs/ /ˈjuːs.ləs.nəs/
36. col'lect, col'lector /kəˈlekt/ /kəˈlek.tər/
37. 'conduct, con'ductor /ˈkɒn.dʌkt/ /kənˈdʌk.tər/
38. 'author, 'authorship /ˈɔː.θər/ /ˈɔː.θə.ʃɪp/
39. 'scholar, 'scholarship /ˈskɒl.ər/ /ˈskɒl.ə.ʃɪp/
40. 'laugh, 'laughter /'lɑːf/ /ˈlɑːf.tər/
41. 'city, 'citizen /ˈsɪt.i/ /ˈsɪt.ɪ.zən/
42. 'Atmosphere /ˈæt.mə.sfɪər/
43. 'Colleague /ˈkɒl.iːɡ/
44. de'cision /dɪˈsɪʒ.ən/
45. de'velopment /dɪˈvel.əp.mənt/
46. e'mergency /ɪˈmɜː.dʒən.si/
47. engi'neer /en.dʒɪˈnɪər/
48. fa'cility /fəˈsɪl.ə.ti/
49. ho'tel /həʊˈtel/
50. ne'cessity /nəˈses.ə.ti/
51. oppor'tunity /ɒp.əˈtʃuː.nə.ti/
52. con'tribute /kənˈtrɪb.juːt/
53. eco'nomic /iː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk/
54. e'dition /ɪˈdɪʃ.ən/
55. inde'pendence /ɪn.dɪˈpen.dəns/
56. com'petitors /kəmˈpet.ɪ.tər/
57. po'litical /pəˈlɪt.ɪ.kəl/
58. di'scuss /dɪˈskʌs/
59. re'fer /rɪˈfɜːr/
60. spe'cific /spəˈsɪf.ɪk/
61. fa'miliar /fəˈmɪl.i.ər/
62. sig'nificant /sɪɡˈnɪf.ɪ.kənt/
63. re'petitive /rɪˈpet.ə.tɪv/
64. 'conduct (n) con'duct (v) /ˈkɒn.dʌkt/ /kənˈdʌkt/
65. 'import (adj) im'port (v) /ˈɪm.pɔːt/ /ɪmˈpɔːt/
66. 'convict (n), con'vict (v) /ˈkɒn.vɪkt/ /kənˈvɪkt/
67. 'subject (n), sub'ject (v) /ˈsʌb.dʒekt/ /səbˈdʒekt/
68. 'transfer (n), trans'fer (v) /ˈtræns.fɜːr/ /trænsˈfɜːr/
69. 'protest (n), pro'test (v) /ˈprəʊ.test/ /prəˈtest/
70. 'frequent (adj), fre'quent (v) /ˈfriː.kwənt/ /frɪˈkwent/
71. 'Photo, pho'tography, photo'graphic /ˈfəʊ.təʊ/ /fəˈtɒɡ.rə.fi/ /fəʊ.təˈɡræf.ɪk/
72. 'photograph, pho'tographer, photo'graphical /ˈfəʊ.tə.ɡrɑːf/ /fəˈtɒɡ.rə.fər/
/fəʊ.təˈɡræf.ɪ.kəl/
73. 'democrat, de'mocracy, demo'cratic /ˈdem.ə.kræt/ /dɪˈmɒk.rə.si/ /dem.əˈkræt.ɪk/
74. 'diplomat, dip'lomacy, diplo'matic /ˈdɪp.lə.mæt/ /dɪˈpləʊ.mə.si/ /dɪp.ləˈmæt.ɪk/
75. 'family, fa'miliar, famili'arity /ˈfæm.əl.i/ /fəˈmɪl.i.ər/ /fəˌmɪl.iˈær.ə.ti/
76. 'mechanism, me'chanical /ˈmek.ə.nɪ.zəm/ /məˈkæn.ɪ.kəl/
77. mecha'nician, mechani'zation /mɛkəˈnɪʃən/ /mekənaɪˈzeɪʃən/
78. ex'amine, exami'nee, exami'nation /ɪɡˈzæm.ɪn/ /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈniː/
/ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
78. 'telephone, te'lephony, tele'phonic /ˈtel.ɪ.fəʊn/ /təˈlef.ə.ni/ /teləˈfɒnɪk/
80. 'telegraph, te'legraphy, tele'graphic /ˈtel.ɪ.ɡrɑːf/ təˈleɡrəfi/ /telɪˈɡræfɪk/
81. 'allopath, al'lopathy, allo'pathic /'ələʊ.pæθ/əˈlɒp.ə.θi/ /æl.əˈpæθ.ɪk/
82. 'homeopath, home'opathy, homeo'pathic /ˈhəʊ.mi.ə.pæθ/ /həʊ.miˈɒp.ə.θi/
83. 'politics, po'litical, poli'tician /ˈpɒl.ə.tɪks/ /pəˈlɪt.ɪ.kəl/ /pɒl.ɪˈtɪʃ.ən/
84. 'com'pete, compe'tition /kəmˈpiːt/ /kɒm.pəˈtɪʃ.ən/
85. a'cademy, aca'demic, acade'mician /əˈkæd.ə.mi/ /æk.əˈdem.ɪk/
/əˌkæd.əˈmɪʃ.ən/
86. 'grammar, gram'matical, gram'matically /ˈɡræm.ər/ /ɡrəˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/
/ɡrəˈmæt.ɪ.kəl.i/
NOTE: Students are expected to mark the stress on the right syllable
only in the word, not in phonetic transcription though the latter is the
right method. Only the primary stress is to be marked, not the secondary stress.
Excercises for you
Mark the stress of the following words.
1. Captain
2. Indeed
3. transfer (n), transfer (v)
4. engineer
5. electrical
6. admit
7. preparation
8. disease
9. opportunity
10. grammatical
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